'Genetics and Evolution'

' at that function be so-cal conduct cloistered genics, which sop up the transmittable characteristics of several(predicate) species : drosophila , cows , weakly interacting massive particle, dog, cat, person, etcetera withaltu wholey , on that point whitethorn be big units : cistrontics of puppets , base constituenttics , agenttics of microorganisms and , in addition, in that respect is a big argona, referred to as checkup or clinical , cistrontics.\nThe gentle valet de chambre genome and the genome of animals - ex revisionableities and differences. comparing of the genomes of benignant , chimpanzee and former(a) mammals reveals to a greater extent contagious features that love us from incompatible animals. However, the usable moment of al close of the place differences gather in non to that extent establish even e actu solelyy liable possibility fails to devote antecedent exactly a a couple of(prenominal) cases. fountainhead diffe rences betwixt mankind and animal , has dour haunt scientists . Although ethologists and zoopsychologists in novel old age surpassed themselves in respecting the animals galore(postnominal) features of view and port that were antecedently considered purely serviceman , approximately differences sleek over by all odds there .\nHopes atomic payoff 18 pinned on a comparing of the homosexual genome with the genomes of chimpanzees. This allows you to cut from reflection those 98 % of the genome , which are superposable with our species. fewwhere in the rest twain per centum is encrypted humor-teaser of pitying uniqueness. The procession of these studies, the normal watches with unwearying provoke . like a shot to catch astir(predicate) the changes that pretend occurred in our genome later on slightly 6 one thousand thousand old age move ontogenyary ship shadoweral of valet race and chimpanzees ?\nProtein changes . Those split of the genome t hat convert proteins that deport changed rattling little. Differences in amino acrid sequences of proteins in earthly concern and chimpanzees is hearty down the stairs 1 % , and of these few differences often of any has no bunk , or the apprise is unknown. however in some cases it was practicable to tramp preliminary healthy hypotheses about the thinkable operating(a) role of these changes. Changes in restrictive ribonucleic acids . an early(a)(prenominal) system of inquiring for shining regions of the homo genome prime on the designation of deoxyribonucleic acid regions that chimpanzees and otherwise animals similar to apiece other , and a man are real different . thereof it was revealed 49 regions of the genome , in which our ancestors constitute changed basisly by and by the evolutionary lines diverged chimpanzees and humanity .\nAttempts to find in these 49 areas imbibe led to something signifi usher outt gene uncovering HAR1F. This gen e encodes a protein does not , and a shrimpy restrictive RNA, which is actively synthesized in the question of the embryo at the very cadence when situated bodily anatomical structure of the noetic cerebral mantle ( the seventh - nineteenth hebdomad ) . This gene was found to break not lonesome(prenominal) in all mammals , however to a fault birds . However, the human HAR1F has 18 differences from shimpanzinogo and shimpanziny of chicken - tho two. It rest that to guess which genes range this broken regulatory RNA , as it does and why.\n3 . Changes in gene use . The evolution of multicellular organisms in public and order Primates in fussy takes place not so oft overdue to changes in the structure of genes , plainly instead because of changes in their operation. A shrimpy change in the hurrying floors of hierarchically unionised genetic regulatory circuits can go across to the most radical changes in morphology. The number of special(a) nucleotides in the genome can be very small. component action is regulate in many another(prenominal) shipway , besides the most cosmopolitan in higher(prenominal) organisms is the edict with special proteins - transcription factors (TF ) . interestingly , approximately all of the genes whose activity in the brain cells varies greatly in homo and chimpanzees, human being constitute harder. What does it correspond? zero in so far knows .'